JVM致命错误日志(hs_err_pid.log)分析

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JVM致命错误日志(hs_err_pid.log)分析

最近两天测试环境有一个服务总是会挂(两到三天一次),JVM虚拟机总是会崩溃。所以有必要了解JVM崩溃的原因是什么。

当JVM发生致命错误导致崩溃时,会生成一个hs_err_pid_xxx.log这样的文件,该文件包含了导致 JVM crash 的重要信息,我们可以通过分析该文件定位到导致 JVM Crash 的原因,从而修复保证系统稳定。

默认情况下,该文件是生成在工作目录下的,当然也可以通过 JVM 参数指定生成路径:


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1-XX:ErrorFile=/var/log/hs_err_pid<pid>.log
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这个文件主要包含如下内容:

  • 日志头文件
  • 导致 crash 的线程信息
  • 所有线程信息
  • 安全点和锁信息
  • 堆信息
  • 本地代码缓存
  • 编译事件
  • gc 相关记录
  • jvm 内存映射
  • jvm 启动参数
  • 服务器信息
  • 下面就根据这个文件内容逐步解析。

志头文件

内容如下


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1#
2# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
3#
4#  SIGSEGV (0xb) at pc=0x0000003797807a91, pid=29071, tid=139901421901568
5#
6# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (8.0_45-b14) (build 1.8.0_45-b14)
7# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.45-b02 mixed mode linux-amd64 compressed oops)
8# Problematic frame:
9# C  [libresolv.so.2+0x7a91]  __libc_res_nquery+0x1c1
10#
11# Failed to write core dump. Core dumps have been disabled. To enable core dumping, try "ulimit -c unlimited" before starting Java again
12#
13# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
14#   http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp
15# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.
16# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.
17#
18

这段内容主要简述了导致 JVM Crash 的原因。常见的原因有 JVM 自身的 bug,应用程序错误,JVM 参数,服务器资源不足,JNI 调用错误等。当然还有一些版本和配置信息,


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1SIGSEGV (0xb) at pc=0x0000003797807a91, pid=29071, tid=139901421901568
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非预期的错误被 JRE 检测到了,其中

  • SIGSEGV :信号量
  • 0xb :信号码
  • pc=0x0000003797807a91 :程序计数器的值
  • pid=29071 :进程号
  • tid=139901421901568 :线程号

SIGSEGV(0xb) 表示 JVM Crash 时正在执行 JNI 代码,常见的描述还有EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION,该描述表示 JVM Crash 时正在执行 JVM 自身的代码,这往往是因为 JVM 的 Bug 导致的 Crash;另一种常见的描述是EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW,该描述表示这是个栈溢出导致的错误,这往往是应用程序中存在深层递归导致的。


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1# JRE version: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (8.0_45-b14) (build 1.8.0_45-b14)
2# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (25.45-b02 mixed mode linux-amd64 compressed oops)
3

JRE 和 JVM 的版本信息


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1# Problematic frame:
2# C  [libresolv.so.2+0x7a91]  __libc_res_nquery+0x1c1
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这个信息比较重要,问题帧信息:

C 表示帧类型为本地帧,还有其他类型:

  • j : 解释的Java帧
  • V : 虚拟机帧
  • v :虚拟机生成的存根栈帧
  • J:其他帧类型,包括编译后的Java帧

[libresolv.so.2+0x7a91] __libc_res_nquery+0x1c1和程序计数器(pc)表达的含义一样,但是用的是本地so库+偏移量的方式。
导致 crash 的线程信息

内容如下:


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1---------------  T H R E A D  ---------------
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3Current thread (0x0000000001e94800):  JavaThread "pool-1-thread-2" [_thread_in_native, id=30111, stack(0x00007f3d567e5000,0x00007f3d568e6000)]
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5siginfo: si_signo: 11 (SIGSEGV), si_code: 1 (SEGV_MAPERR), si_addr: 0x0000000000000003
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7Registers:
8RAX=0x0000000000000000, RBX=0x0000000000000000, RCX=0x0000000000000000, RDX=0x0000000000000050
9RSP=0x00007f3d568e2280, RBP=0x00007f3d568e2570, RSI=0x0000000000000000, RDI=0x00000000ffffffff
10R8 =0x0000000000000000, R9 =0x0000000000000000, R10=0x000000000007a337, R11=0x0000000000000213
11R12=0x00007f3d568e2ef0, R13=0x00007f3d568e22b0, R14=0x0000000000000000, R15=0x00007f3d568e5db8
12RIP=0x0000003797807a91, EFLAGS=0x0000000000010246, CSGSFS=0x0000000000000033, ERR=0x0000000000000004
13  TRAPNO=0x000000000000000e
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15Top of Stack: (sp=0x00007f3d568e2280)
160x00007f3d568e2280:   b8e4bfb900000800 00007f3d568e3760
170x00007f3d568e2290:   00007f3d568e3758 00007f3d568e377c
180x00007f3d568e22a0:   00007f3d568e3778 6f6e6b6e56a88a58
190x00007f3d568e22b0:   00000100000149a0 7a68710800000000
200x00007f3d568e22c0:   6970067363642d78 6d6f63036e61676e
21....省略
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23Instructions: (pc=0x0000003797807a91)
240x0000003797807a71:   48 89 45 b8 48 8b 4d b8 0f b6 51 03 89 d3 83 e3
250x0000003797807a81:   0f 75 0d 0f b7 49 06 66 c1 c9 08 66 85 c9 75 4f
260x0000003797807a91:   0f b6 48 03 bf 0f 00 00 00 40 20 cf 75 0d 0f b7
270x0000003797807aa1:   70 06 66 c1 ce 08 66 85 f6 75 34 83 e1 0f 83 e2
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29Register to memory mapping:
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31RAX=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
32RBX=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
33RCX=0x0000000000000000 is an unknown value
34RDX=0x0000000000000050 is an unknown value
35RSP=0x00007f3d568e2280 is pointing into the stack for thread: 0x0000000001e94800
36RBP=0x00007f3d568e2570 is pointing into the stack for thread: 0x0000000001e94800
37... 省略
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39Stack: [0x00007f3d567e5000,0x00007f3d568e6000],  sp=0x00007f3d568e2280,  free space=1012k
40Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
41C  [libresolv.so.2+0x7a91]  __libc_res_nquery+0x1c1
42C  [libresolv.so.2+0x7fd1]
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44Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code)
45J 15056  java.net.Inet6AddressImpl.lookupAllHostAddr(Ljava/lang/String;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress; (0 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d7492af8c [0x00007f3d7492af40+0x4c]
46J 14966 C1 java.net.InetAddress.getAddressesFromNameService(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/net/InetAddress;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress; (245 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d75466754 [0x00007f3d754662c0+0x494]
47J 14291 C2 java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/net/InetAddress;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress; (387 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d7534b718 [0x00007f3d7534ae20+0x8f8]
48J 14178 C1 java.net.InetSocketAddress.<init>(Ljava/lang/String;I)V (47 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d752ce0f4 [0x00007f3d752cdec0+0x234]
49j  sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.<init>(Lsun/security/ssl/SSLContextImpl;Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/net/InetAddress;I)V+144
50j  sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketFactoryImpl.createSocket(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/net/Socket;+13
51j  com.ufclub.daq.qhzx.utils.SSLProtocolSocketFactory.createSocket(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/net/Socket;+15
52.... 省略代码
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这部分内容包含出发 JVM 致命错误的线程详细信息和线程栈。
线程信息


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1Current thread (0x0000000001e94800):  JavaThread "pool-1-thread-2" [_thread_in_native, id=30111,
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  • stack(0x00007f3d567e5000,0x00007f3d568e6000)]

  • 0x0000000001e94800:出错的线程指针

  • JavaThread:线程类型,可能的类型包括

1.JavaThread:Java线程

2.VMThread : JVM 的内部线程

3.CompilerThread:用来调用JITing,实时编译装卸class 。 通常,jvm会启动多个线程来处理这部分工作,线程名称后面的数字也会累加,例如:CompilerThread1

4.GCTaskThread:执行gc的线程

5.WatcherThread:JVM 周期性任务调度的线程,是一个单例对象

6.ConcurrentMarkSweepThread:jvm在进行CMS GC的时候,会创建一个该线程去进行GC,该线程被创建的同时会创建一个SurrogateLockerThread(简称SLT)线程并且启动它,SLT启动之后,处于等待阶段。CMST开始GC时,会发一个消息给SLT让它去获取Java层Reference对象的全局锁:Lock

  • pool-1-thread-2:线程名称
  • _thread_in_native:当前线程状态。该描述还包含有:

1._thread_in_native:线程当前状态,状态枚举包括:

2._thread_uninitialized:线程还没有创建,它只在内存原因崩溃的时候才出现

3._thread_new:线程已经被创建,但是还没有启动

4._thread_in_native:线程正在执行本地代码,一般这种情况很可能是本地代码有问题

5._thread_in_vm:线程正在执行虚拟机代码

6._thread_in_Java:线程正在执行解释或者编译后的Java代码

7._thread_blocked:线程处于阻塞状态

8.…_trans:以_trans结尾,线程正处于要切换到其它状态的中间状态

  • id=30111:线程ID

  • stack(0x00007f3d567e5000,0x00007f3d568e6000):栈区间


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1siginfo: si_signo: 11 (SIGSEGV), si_code: 1 (SEGV_MAPERR), si_addr:
20x0000000000000003
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表示导致虚拟机终止的非预期的信号信息。


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1Top of Stack: (sp=0x00007f3d568e2280)
20x00007f3d568e2280:   b8e4bfb900000800 00007f3d568e3760
30x00007f3d568e2290:   00007f3d568e3758 00007f3d568e377c
40x00007f3d568e22a0:   00007f3d568e3778 6f6e6b6e56a88a58
50x00007f3d568e22b0:   00000100000149a0 7a68710800000000
60x00007f3d568e22c0:   6970067363642d78 6d6f63036e61676e
7....省略
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9Instructions: (pc=0x0000003797807a91)
100x0000003797807a71:   48 89 45 b8 48 8b 4d b8 0f b6 51 03 89 d3 83 e3
110x0000003797807a81:   0f 75 0d 0f b7 49 06 66 c1 c9 08 66 85 c9 75 4f
120x0000003797807a91:   0f b6 48 03 bf 0f 00 00 00 40 20 cf 75 0d 0f b7
130x0000003797807aa1:   70 06 66 c1 ce 08 66 85 f6 75 34 83 e1 0f 83 e2
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栈顶程序计数器旁的操作码,它们可以被反汇编成系统崩溃前执行的指令。


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1Stack: [0x00007f3d567e5000,0x00007f3d568e6000],  sp=0x00007f3d568e2280,  free space=1012k
2Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code)
3C  [libresolv.so.2+0x7a91]  __libc_res_nquery+0x1c1
4C  [libresolv.so.2+0x7fd1]
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6Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code)
7J 15056  java.net.Inet6AddressImpl.lookupAllHostAddr(Ljava/lang/String;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress; (0 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d7492af8c [0x00007f3d7492af40+0x4c]
8J 14966 C1 java.net.InetAddress.getAddressesFromNameService(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/net/InetAddress;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress; (245 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d75466754 [0x00007f3d754662c0+0x494]
9J 14291 C2 java.net.InetAddress.getAllByName(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/net/InetAddress;)[Ljava/net/InetAddress; (387 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d7534b718 [0x00007f3d7534ae20+0x8f8]
10J 14178 C1 java.net.InetSocketAddress.<init>(Ljava/lang/String;I)V (47 bytes) @ 0x00007f3d752ce0f4 [0x00007f3d752cdec0+0x234]
11j  sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.<init>(Lsun/security/ssl/SSLContextImpl;Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/net/InetAddress;I)V+144
12j  sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketFactoryImpl.createSocket(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/net/Socket;+13
13j  com.ufclub.daq.qhzx.utils.SSLProtocolSocketFactory.createSocket(Ljava/lang/String;ILjava/net/InetAddress;I)Ljava/net/Socket;+15
14.... 省略代码
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线程栈信息。包含了地址、栈顶、栈计数器和线程尚未使用的栈信息。到这里就基本上已经确定了问题所在原因了。
线程信息


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1Java Threads: ( => current thread )
2  0x00007f3d5d0a0800 JavaThread "logback-8" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=489, stack(0x00007f3d56de7000,0x00007f3d56ee8000)]
3  0x00007f3d5d09f800 JavaThread "logback-7" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=30974, stack(0x00007f3d53fc3000,0x00007f3d540c4000)]
4  0x00007f3d5c47f800 JavaThread "logback-6" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=25662, stack(0x00007f3d545c9000,0x00007f3d546ca000)]
5  0x00007f3d5c2a4000 JavaThread "logback-5" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=20922, stack(0x00007f3d552d2000,0x00007f3d553d3000)]
6  0x0000000003291800 JavaThread "logback-4" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=16768, stack(0x00007f3d542c6000,0x00007f3d543c7000)]
7  0x0000000002320000 JavaThread "logback-3" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=14730, stack(0x00007f3d54bcd000,0x00007f3d54cce000)]
8  0x0000000002d05000 JavaThread "logback-2" daemon [_thread_blocked, id=6569, stack(0x00007f3d549cb000,0x00007f3d54acc000)]
9

所有线程信息,一目了然。_thread_blocked表示阻塞。
安全点和锁信息


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1VM state:not at safepoint (normal execution)
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虚拟机状态。not at safepoint 表示正常运行。其余状态:

  • at safepoint:所有线程都因为虚拟机等待状态而阻塞,等待一个虚拟机操作完成;
  • synchronizing:一个特殊的虚拟机操作,要求虚拟机内的其它线程保持等待状态。

VM Mutex/Monitor currently owned by a thread: None
虚拟机的 Mutex 和 Monito r目前没有被线程持有。Mutex 是虚拟机内部的锁,而 Monitor 则关联到了 Java 对象。

堆信息


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1Heap:
2 PSYoungGen  total 178688K, used 25522K [0x00000000eab00000, 0x00000000f8d80000, 0x0000000100000000)
3  eden space 177664K, 13% used [0x00000000eab00000,0x00000000ec343d30,0x00000000f5880000)
4  from space 1024K, 65% used [0x00000000f8c80000,0x00000000f8d28d20,0x00000000f8d80000)
5  to   space 1024K, 0% used [0x00000000f8b80000,0x00000000f8b80000,0x00000000f8c80000)
6 ParOldGen   total 360448K, used 47193K [0x00000000c0000000, 0x00000000d6000000, 0x00000000eab00000)
7  object space 360448K, 13% used [0x00000000c0000000,0x00000000c2e16518,0x00000000d6000000)
8 Metaspace   used 79300K, capacity 80628K, committed 80936K, reserved 1120256K
9  class spaceused 9401K, capacity 9645K, committed 9768K, reserved 1048576K
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11Card table byte_map: [0x00007f3d729f1000,0x00007f3d72bf2000] byte_map_base: 0x00007f3d723f1000
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新生代、老年代、元空间一目了然。

Card table表示一种卡表,是 jvm 维护的一种数据结构,用于记录更改对象时的引用,以便 gc 时遍历更少的 table 和 root。
本地代码缓存


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1CodeCache: size=245760Kb used=41374Kb max_used=41402Kb free=204385Kb
2 bounds [0x00007f3d72fb2000, 0x00007f3d75872000, 0x00007f3d81fb2000]
3 total_blobs=12767 nmethods=12130 adapters=549
4 compilation: enabled
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一块用于编译和保存本地代码的内存。
编译事件


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1Compilation events (10 events):
2Event: 501041.566 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 16334   3   sun.security.rsa.RSAKeyFactory::<init> (5 bytes)
3Event: 501041.566 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 nmethod 16334 0x00007f3d74985790 code [0x00007f3d74985900, 0x00007f3d74985b10]
4Event: 501041.569 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 16335   3   sun.security.pkcs.PKCS8Key::<init> (5 bytes)
5Event: 501041.570 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 nmethod 16335 0x00007f3d74736290 code [0x00007f3d74736400, 0x00007f3d747365b0]
6Event: 501041.575 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 16336   3   sun.security.ssl.BaseSSLSocketImpl::<init> (15 bytes)
7Event: 501041.576 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 nmethod 16336 0x00007f3d73f9b450 code [0x00007f3d73f9b5c0, 0x00007f3d73f9b7e8]
8Event: 501041.578 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 16337   3   javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket::<init> (5 bytes)
9Event: 501041.580 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 nmethod 16337 0x00007f3d739c7210 code [0x00007f3d739c7380, 0x00007f3d739c7508]
10Event: 501041.582 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 16338   3   javax.net.ssl.SNIServerName::<init> (66 bytes)
11Event: 501041.583 Thread 0x0000000001b6e000 nmethod 16338 0x00007f3d74c15cd0 code [0x00007f3d74c15ea0, 0x00007f3d74c164f8]
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记录10次编译事件。这里的信息也印证了上面的结论。
gc 日志


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1GC Heap History (10 events):
2Event: 476166.948 GC heap before
3{Heap before GC invocations=149 (full 3):
4 PSYoungGen  total 194560K, used 193984K [0x00000000eab00000, 0x00000000f8e80000, 0x0000000100000000)
5  eden space 193536K, 100% used [0x00000000eab00000,0x00000000f6800000,0x00000000f6800000)
6  from space 1024K, 43% used [0x00000000f8c80000,0x00000000f8cf0000,0x00000000f8d80000)
7  to   space 1024K, 0% used [0x00000000f8d80000,0x00000000f8d80000,0x00000000f8e80000)
8 ParOldGen   total 360448K, used 47161K [0x00000000c0000000, 0x00000000d6000000, 0x00000000eab00000)
9  object space 360448K, 13% used [0x00000000c0000000,0x00000000c2e0e518,0x00000000d6000000)
10 Metaspace   used 79243K, capacity 80500K, committed 80680K, reserved 1120256K
11  class spaceused 9400K, capacity 9645K, committed 9768K, reserved 1048576K
12Event: 476166.985 GC heap after
13Heap after GC invocations=149 (full 3):
14 PSYoungGen  total 190464K, used 448K [0x00000000eab00000, 0x00000000f8e00000, 0x0000000100000000)
15  eden space 189952K, 0% used [0x00000000eab00000,0x00000000eab00000,0x00000000f6480000)
16  from space 512K, 87% used [0x00000000f8d80000,0x00000000f8df0000,0x00000000f8e00000)
17  to   space 1024K, 0% used [0x00000000f8c00000,0x00000000f8c00000,0x00000000f8d00000)
18 ParOldGen   total 360448K, used 47161K [0x00000000c0000000, 0x00000000d6000000, 0x00000000eab00000)
19  object space 360448K, 13% used [0x00000000c0000000,0x00000000c2e0e518,0x00000000d6000000)
20 Metaspace   used 79243K, capacity 80500K, committed 80680K, reserved 1120256K
21  class spaceused 9400K, capacity 9645K, committed 9768K, reserved 1048576K
22}
23... 省略
24

同样是记录10次 GC。
jvm 内存映射


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1Dynamic libraries:
200400000-00401000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 2108521/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/java
300600000-00601000 rw-p 00000000 fd:00 2108521/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/java
4019e9000-04f5e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0  [heap]
5c0000000-d6000000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
6d6000000-eab00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0
7...
87f3d6df48000-7f3d6df6a000 r--s 0038e000 fd:00 2108900/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/jre/lib/ext/cldrdata.jar
97f3d6df6a000-7f3d6df73000 r--s 07db3000 fd:00 2374798/opt/risk/service/xxx-xxx-container/xxx-xxxx-container.jar
10...
11

这些信息是虚拟机崩溃时的虚拟内存列表区域。它可以告诉你崩溃原因时哪些类库正在被使用,位置在哪里,还有堆栈和守护页信息。

  • 00400000-00401000:内存区域
  • r-xp:权限,r/w/x/p/s分别表示读/写/执行/私有/共享
  • 00000000:文件内的偏移量
  • fd:00:文件位置的majorID和minorID
  • 2108521:索引节点号
  • /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/java:文件位置

从/opt/risk/service/xxx-xxx-container/xxx-xxxx-container.jar我们可以确认是那个jar出问题了。
jvm 启动参数


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1VM Arguments:
2jvm_args: -Xmx1024M -Xms512M -XX:PermSize=128M -XX:MaxPermSize=256M
3java_command: /opt/risk/service/xxx-xxx-xxx-container/xxx-xxx-xxx-container.jar
4java_class_path (initial): /opt/risk/service/xxx-xxx-xxx-container/xxx-xxx-xxx-container.jar
5Launcher Type: SUN_STANDARD
6
7Environment Variables:
8JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45
9CLASSPATH=.:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/lib/dt.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/lib/tools.jar
10PATH=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin:/bin:/usr/local/erlang/bin:/usr/local/maven3/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin:/bin:/usr/local/erlang/bin:/usr/local/maven3/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/root/bin
11SHELL=/bin/bash
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