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Kubernetes之（五）快速部署应用

释放双眼，带上耳机，听听看~！

目录

  • Kubernetes之（五）快速部署应用

  • kubectl命令介绍

    • kubectl run命令行部署应用

    • kubectl expose 通过service暴漏Pod

    • kubectl scale 动态伸缩应用副本

    • kubectl set image 应用版本升级

    • kubectl rollout 回滚

    • 集群外部访问Service

Kubernetes之（五）快速部署应用

kubectl命令介绍



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl --help

2kubectl controls the Kubernetes cluster manager. 

3

4Find more information at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/

5

6Basic Commands (Beginner):

7  create         Create a resource from a file or from stdin.

8  expose         使用 replication controller, service, deployment 或者 pod 并暴露它作为一个 新的 Kubernetes Service

9  run            在集群中运行一个指定的镜像

10  set            为 objects 设置一个指定的特征

11

12Basic Commands (Intermediate):

13  explain        查看资源的文档

14  get            显示一个或更多 resources

15  edit           在服务器上编辑一个资源

16  delete         Delete resources by filenames, stdin,resources and names, or

17by resources and label selector

18

19Deploy Commands:

20  rollout        Manage the rollout of a resource

21  scale          为 Deployment, ReplicaSet, Replication Controller 或者 Job设置一个新的副本数量

22  autoscale      自动调整一个 Deployment, ReplicaSet, 或者ReplicationController 的副本数量

23

24Cluster Management Commands:

25  certificate    修改 certificate 资源.

26  cluster-info   显示集群信息

27  top            Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage.

28  cordon         标记 node 为 unschedulable

29  uncordon       标记 node 为 schedulable

30  drain          Drain node in preparation for maintenance

31  taint          更新一个或者多个 node 上的 taints

32

33Troubleshooting and Debugging Commands:

34  describe       显示一个指定 resource 或者 group 的 resources 详情

35  logs           输出容器在 pod 中的日志

36  attach         Attach 到一个运行中的 container

37  exec           在一个 container 中执行一个命令

38  port-forward   Forward one or more local ports to a pod

39  proxy          运行一个 proxy 到 Kubernetes API server

40  cp             复制 files 和 directories 到 containers

41和从容器中复制 files 和 directories.

42  auth           Inspect authorization

43

44Advanced Commands:

45  diff           Diff live version against would-be applied version

46  apply          通过文件名或标准输入流(stdin)对资源进行配置

47  patch          使用 strategic merge patch 更新一个资源的 field(s)

48  replace        通过 filename 或者 stdin替换一个资源

49  wait           Experimental: Wait for a specific condition on one or many

50resources.

51  convert        在不同的 API versions 转换配置文件

52

53Settings Commands:

54  label          更新在这个资源上的 labels

55  annotate       更新一个资源的注解

56  completion     Output shell completion code for the specified shell (bash or

57zsh)

58

59Other Commands:

60  api-resources  Print the supported API resources on the server

61  api-versions   Print the supported API versions on the server, in the form of"group/version"

62  config         修改 kubeconfig 文件

63  plugin         Provides utilities for interacting with plugins.

64  version        输出 client 和 server 的版本信息

65

66Usage:

67  kubectl [flags] [options]

68

69Use "kubectl <command> --help" for more information about a given command.

70Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all

71commands).

72

kubectl run命令行部署应用

语法：



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1Usage:

2 kubectl run NAME --image=image [--env="key=value"] [--port=port]

3[--replicas=replicas] [--dry-run=bool] [--overrides=inline-json] [--command] --

4[COMMAND] [args...] [options]

5

举例



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true

2kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.

3deployment.apps/nginx-deploy created (dry run)

4#--image 指定镜像

5#--port 暴漏端口

6#--replicas 设置副本数量

7# --dry-run=true 干跑模式，不执行，类似验证，无问题后再执行

8[root@master ~]# kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1

9deployment.apps/nginx-deploy created

10## 查看是否创建成功

11#查看deployment

12[root@master ~]# kubectl get deployment

13NAME           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE

14nginx-deploy   1/1     1            1           30s

15#查看pod

16[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods

17NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE

18nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-st4tq   1/1     Running   0          72s

19# -o wide 显示更多详细信息

20[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide 

21NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

22nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-st4tq   1/1     Running   0          98s   10.244.2.2   node02   <none>           <none>

23

从上面创建的应用可以得知，nginx-deploy应用的pod的ip为10.244.2.2，这是一个pod ip，仅仅可以在集群内部访问，如下：



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1[root@master ~]# curl -I 10.244.2.2

2HTTP/1.1 200 OK

3Server: nginx/1.14.2

4Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 02:23:42 GMT

5Content-Type: text/html

6Content-Length: 612

7Last-Modified: Fri, 08 Mar 2019 03:09:00 GMT

8Connection: keep-alive

9ETag: "5c81dccc-264"

10Accept-Ranges: bytes

11

12[root@node01 ~]# curl -I 10.244.2.2

13HTTP/1.1 200 OK

14Server: nginx/1.14.2

15Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 02:23:48 GMT

16Content-Type: text/html

17Content-Length: 612

18Last-Modified: Fri, 08 Mar 2019 03:09:00 GMT

19Connection: keep-alive

20ETag: "5c81dccc-264"

21Accept-Ranges: bytes

22

23[root@node02 ~]# curl -I 10.244.2.2

24HTTP/1.1 200 OK

25Server: nginx/1.14.2

26Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 02:23:46 GMT

27Content-Type: text/html

28Content-Length: 612

29Last-Modified: Fri, 08 Mar 2019 03:09:00 GMT

30Connection: keep-alive

31ETag: "5c81dccc-264"

32Accept-Ranges: bytes

33

尝试删除Pod



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pods nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-st4tq

2pod "nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-st4tq" deleted

3[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide

4NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

5nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-w66pw   1/1     Running   0          53s   10.244.2.3   node02   <none>           <none>

6

可以看到删除Pod后又重新开起了一个Pod，因为pod是被控制器管理的（此处为deployment），当Pod数量不满足控制器的desired值得时候，会自动补全Pod（随机在集群内满足要求得node节点创建），来满足期望值，同样的如果过多也会关掉多余得Pod。

此时Pod得IP已经发生变化，所以如果需要被外部访问就需要提供一个固定得端点，就是接下来说得Service：

kubectl expose 通过service暴漏Pod

语法



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1Usage:

2  kubectl expose (-f FILENAME | TYPE NAME) [--port=port] [--protocol=TCP|UDP|SCTP] [--target-port=number-or-name]

3[--name=name] [--external-ip=external-ip-of-service] [--type=type] [options]

4#--port=port 这里是服务端口

5#--target-port 容器端口

6#--type=type service类型，分为Custer IP ，NodePort，LoadBalancer，ExternalName，默认是Custer IP

7后面会详细讲解

8

举例



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1#将name为nginx-deploy的deployment暴漏为80端口

2[root@master ~]# kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx --port=80 --target-port=80 --protocol=TCP                 

3service/nginx-deploy exposed

4#查看服务 services 简写为svc

5[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc

6NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE

7kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP   18h

8nginx        ClusterIP   10.98.2.12   <none>        80/TCP    3s    35s

9

此时在节点访问svc的80端口来访问pod，即使Pod被删除后重建也可以访问



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1#Pod在node02上，次数使用node01来访问

2[root@node01 ~]# curl -I 10.98.2.12

3HTTP/1.1 200 OK

4Server: nginx/1.14.2

5Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 02:48:13 GMT

6Content-Type: text/html

7Content-Length: 612

8Last-Modified: Fri, 08 Mar 2019 03:09:00 GMT

9Connection: keep-alive

10ETag: "5c81dccc-264"

11Accept-Ranges: bytes

12#删除Pod后再次尝试

13[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods

14NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE

15nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-w66pw   1/1     Running   0          20m

16[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pods nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-w66pw

17pod "nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-w66pw" deleted

18[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide

19NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

20nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running   0          6s    10.244.2.4   node02   <none>           <none>

21[root@node01 ~]# curl -I 10.98.2.12

22HTTP/1.1 200 OK

23Server: nginx/1.14.2

24Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2019 02:49:35 GMT

25Content-Type: text/html

26Content-Length: 612

27Last-Modified: Fri, 08 Mar 2019 03:09:00 GMT

28Connection: keep-alive

29ETag: "5c81dccc-264"

30Accept-Ranges: bytes

31

10.99.146.96这网段依然是集群内部的网段，只能被集群内部客户端访问，外部是无法通过service的ip进行访问。那么针对pod的客户端除了通过service ip访问还可以通过service的名称进行访问，但是前提是需要对service的名称能够进行解析。而解析时是依赖coredns服务的，而我们本地的dns指向并非coredns，如下：



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1[root@node02 ~]# curl -I nginx

2curl: (6) Could not resolve host: nginx-deploy; 未知的错误

3#查看节点的dns地址

4[root@node02 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

5# Generated by NetworkManager

6nameserver 114.114.114.114

7nameserver 10.0.0.2

8

查看coredns的IP地址



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide

2NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

3coredns-78d4cf999f-6cb69         1/1     Running   0          18h   10.244.1.2   node01   <none>           <none>

4coredns-78d4cf999f-tflpn         1/1     Running   0          18h   10.244.1.3   node01   <none>           <none>

5etcd-master                      1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.10    master   <none>           <none>

6kube-apiserver-master            1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.10    master   <none>           <none>

7kube-controller-manager-master   1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.10    master   <none>           <none>

8kube-flannel-ds-amd64-gtv85      1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.10    master   <none>           <none>

9kube-flannel-ds-amd64-gwbql      1/1     Running   1          18h   10.0.0.12    node02   <none>           <none>

10kube-flannel-ds-amd64-ml7nf      1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.11    node01   <none>           <none>

11kube-proxy-ch4vp                 1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.11    node01   <none>           <none>

12kube-proxy-cz2rf                 1/1     Running   1          18h   10.0.0.12    node02   <none>           <none>

13kube-proxy-kdp7d                 1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.10    master   <none>           <none>

14kube-scheduler-master            1/1     Running   0          18h   10.0.0.10    master   <none>           <none>

15#-n指定名称空间

16

正常来说，也不会直接访问coredns的Pod的IP来直接访问，也是通过coredns的service进行访问



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system 

2NAME       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE

3kube-dns   ClusterIP   10.96.0.10   <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP   18h

4

可以通过这个service ip：10.96.0.10进行解析上面的nginx服务。
提前准备dig命令 yum install -y bind-utils,这里需要使用完整的服务名称，否则可能由于dns搜索域问题导致失败



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1[root@master ~]# dig -t A nginx.default.svc.cluster.local @10.96.0.10

2

3; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-73.el7_6 <<>> -t A nginx.default.svc.cluster.local @10.96.0.10

4;; global options: +cmd

5;; Got answer:

6;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 58335

7;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

8

9;; QUESTION SECTION:

10;nginx.default.svc.cluster.local. IN    A

11

12;; ANSWER SECTION:

13nginx.default.svc.cluster.local. 5 IN   A       10.98.2.12

14

15;; Query time: 1 msec

16;; SERVER: 10.96.0.10#53(10.96.0.10)

17;; WHEN: 四 3月 28 11:02:11 CST 2019

18;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 96

19

尝试通过集群内pod客户端进行访问：



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl run client --image=busybox --replicas=1 -it --restart=Never

2If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.

3/ # cat /etc/resolv.conf 

4nameserver 10.96.0.10

5search default.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.local

6options ndots:5

7/ # wget -O - -q http://nginx:80

8<!DOCTYPE html>

9<html>

10<head>

11<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>

12<style>

13    body {

14        width: 35em;

15        margin: 0 auto;

16        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;

17    }

18</style>

19</head>

20<body>

21<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>

22<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and

23working. Further configuration is required.</p>

24

25<p>For online documentation and support please refer to

26<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>

27Commercial support is available at

28<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

29

30<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>

31</body>

32</html>

33

此时name为nginx的service就为name为nginx-deploy的deployment提供了固定访问断电，无论deployment内Pod的增加删除，都不影响访问，使用命令来查看services的详细信息：



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl describe svc nginx

2Name:              nginx

3Namespace:         default

4Labels:            run=nginx-deploy

5Annotations:       <none>

6Selector:          run=nginx-deploy

7Type:              ClusterIP

8IP:                10.98.2.12

9Port:              <unset>  80/TCP

10TargetPort:        80/TCP

11Endpoints:         10.244.2.4:80

12Session Affinity:  None

13Events:            <none>

14

15#Endpoints: Pod的IP地址

16

无论Pod怎么增删，只要标Labels存在run=nginx-deploy的 就会被svc锁访问。



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels

2NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   LABELS

3client                          1/1     Running   0          28m   run=client

4nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running   0          51m   pod-template-hash=84cbfc56b6,run=nginx-deploy

5

run=nginx-deploy就是这个应用的标签，所以当pod的改变，并不会影响service的访问。

kubectl scale 动态伸缩应用副本

语法



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1Usage:

2  kubectl scale [--resource-version=version] [--current-replicas=count] --replicas=COUNT (-f FILENAME | TYPE NAME)

3

举例



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1#创建新的deployment

2[root@master ~]# kubectl run myapp --image=ikubernetes/myapp:v1 --replicas=2

3kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.

4deployment.apps/myapp created

5[root@master ~]# kubectl get deployment

6NAME           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE

7myapp          2/2     2            2           48s

8nginx-deploy   1/1     1            1           3h58m

9#查看pod

10[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide

11NAME                            READY   STATUS      RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

12client                          0/1     Completed   0          3h2m    10.244.2.5   node02   <none>           <none>

13myapp-9b4987d5-98k45            1/1     Running     0          64s     10.244.1.4   node01   <none>           <none>

14myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7            1/1     Running     0          64s     10.244.2.6   node02   <none>           <none>

15nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running     0          3h26m   10.244.2.4   node02   <none>           <none>

16

此时使用客户端访问



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1/ # wget -O - -q 10.244.2.6/hostname.html

2myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7

3/ # wget -O - -q 10.244.1.4/hostname.html

4myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

5

为myapp创建service



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl expose deployment myapp --name=myapp --port=80 

2service/myapp exposed

3[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc

4NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE

5kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP   22h

6myapp        ClusterIP   10.104.138.182   <none>        80/TCP    3s

7nginx        ClusterIP   10.98.2.12       <none>        80/TCP    3h21m

8

所生成的myapp的地址为10.104.138.182,端口暴漏为80，协议默认为TCP
使用客户端访问myapp服务



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1Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

2/ # wget -O - -q myapp/hostname.html

3myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

4/ # wget -O - -q myapp/hostname.html

5myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

6/ # wget -O - -q myapp/hostname.html

7myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7

8#hostname.html显示的是pod的名字，也是pod的hostname

9

扩展副本数量



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl scale --replicas=5 deployment myapp

2deployment.extensions/myapp scaled

3[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide

4NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

5client-f5cdb799f-pklmc          1/1     Running   0          5m46s   10.244.2.7   node02   <none>           <none>

6myapp-9b4987d5-98k45            1/1     Running   0          8m44s   10.244.1.4   node01   <none>           <none>

7myapp-9b4987d5-ck9bt            1/1     Running   0          9s      10.244.2.8   node02   <none>           <none>

8myapp-9b4987d5-gfqjp            1/1     Running   0          9s      10.244.2.9   node02   <none>           <none>

9myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7            1/1     Running   0          8m44s   10.244.2.6   node02   <none>           <none>

10myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r            1/1     Running   0          9s      10.244.1.5   node01   <none>           <none>

11nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running   0          3h33m   10.244.2.4   node02   <none>           <none>

12

此时使用客户端访问myapp服务



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1/ # for i in `seq 10000`;do wget -O - -q myapp/hostname.html;sleep 1;done

2myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

3myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7

4myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

5myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

6myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

7myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

8myapp-9b4987d5-gfqjp

9myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

10myapp-9b4987d5-gfqjp

11myapp-9b4987d5-gfqjp

12myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7

13

再次修改副本数量为3



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide                   

2NAME                            READY   STATUS        RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES

3client-f5cdb799f-pklmc          1/1     Running       0          8m32s   10.244.2.7   node02   <none>           <none>

4myapp-9b4987d5-98k45            1/1     Running       0          11m     10.244.1.4   node01   <none>           <none>

5myapp-9b4987d5-ck9bt            0/1     Terminating   0          2m55s   10.244.2.8   node02   <none>           <none>

6myapp-9b4987d5-gfqjp            0/1     Terminating   0          2m55s   10.244.2.9   node02   <none>           <none>

7myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7            1/1     Running       0          11m     10.244.2.6   node02   <none>           <none>

8myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r            1/1     Running       0          2m55s   10.244.1.5   node01   <none>           <none>

9nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running       0          3h36m   10.244.2.4   node02   <none>           <none>

10

11#客户端查看

12myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

13myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

14myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

15myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

16myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

17myapp-9b4987d5-wrp7r

18myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7

19myapp-9b4987d5-ncpb7

20myapp-9b4987d5-98k45

21

此时服务就只会访问剩余的3个副本间

kubectl set image 应用版本升级

语法
Usage:
kubectl set image (-f FILENAME | TYPE NAME) CONTAINER_NAME_1=CONTAINER_IMAGE_1 … CONTAINER_NAME_N=CONTAINER_IMAGE_N
[options]
举例



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1#升级myapp的版本为v2

2[root@master ~]# kubectl set image deployment myapp myapp=ikubernetes/myapp:v2

3deployment.extensions/myapp image updated

4

5#查看更新过程

6[root@master ~]# kubectl rollout status deployment myapp                      

7Waiting for deployment "myapp" rollout to finish: 2 out of 3 new replicas have been updated...

8Waiting for deployment "myapp" rollout to finish: 2 out of 3 new replicas have been updated...

9Waiting for deployment "myapp" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...

10Waiting for deployment "myapp" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...

11deployment "myapp" successfully rolled out

12

13#此过程客户端过程

14/ # for i in `seq 10000`;do wget -O - -q myapp;sleep 1;done

15Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

16Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

17Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

18Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

19Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

20Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

21Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

22Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

23Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

24Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

25Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

26Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

27

也可以使用kubectl describe 来查看Pod的详细信息



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods

2NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE

3client-f5cdb799f-pklmc          1/1     Running   0          21m

4myapp-65899575cd-q9wt9          1/1     Running   0          4m56s

5myapp-65899575cd-xhwmr          1/1     Running   0          4m58s

6myapp-65899575cd-xnqd4          1/1     Running   0          4m58s

7nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running   0          3h49m

8[root@master ~]# kubectl describe pods myapp-65899575cd-xhwmr

9Name:               myapp-65899575cd-xhwmr

10Namespace:          default

11Priority:           0

12PriorityClassName:  <none>

13Node:               node01/10.0.0.11

14Start Time:         Thu, 28 Mar 2019 14:33:50 +0800

15Labels:             pod-template-hash=65899575cd

16                    run=myapp

17Annotations:        <none>

18Status:             Running

19IP:                 10.244.1.10

20Controlled By:      ReplicaSet/myapp-65899575cd

21Containers:

22  myapp:

23    Container ID:   docker://5f9c63ce9f84fb6f863b44dd2eb9626f3eff2a599b48eb7000c84f5b70f6d2c9

24    Image:          ikubernetes/myapp:v2

25... ...

26

kubectl rollout 回滚

一种方法是直接修改image版本，另外一种是使用kubectl rollout



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl rollout -h

2Manage the rollout of a resource.

3  

4Valid resource types include: 

5

6  * deployments  

7  * daemonsets  

8  * statefulsets

9

10Examples:

11  # Rollback to the previous deployment

12  kubectl rollout undo deployment/abc

13  

14  # Check the rollout status of a daemonset

15  kubectl rollout status daemonset/foo

16

17Available Commands:

18  history     显示 rollout 历史

19  pause       标记提供的 resource 为中止状态

20  resume      继续一个停止的 resource

21  status      显示 rollout 的状态

22  undo        撤销上一次的 rollout

23

24Usage:

25  kubectl rollout SUBCOMMAND [options]

26

举例



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment myapp

2deployment.extensions/myapp rolled back

3[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods

4NAME                            READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE

5client-f5cdb799f-pklmc          1/1     Running             0          24m

6myapp-65899575cd-q9wt9          0/1     Terminating         0          8m15s

7myapp-65899575cd-xhwmr          1/1     Terminating         0          8m17s

8myapp-65899575cd-xnqd4          1/1     Running             0          8m17s

9myapp-9b4987d5-47sjj            0/1     ContainerCreating   0          0s

10myapp-9b4987d5-684q9            1/1     Running             0          2s

11myapp-9b4987d5-djdr9            1/1     Running             0          3s

12nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-tcssz   1/1     Running             0          3h52m

13

14#客户端查看

15/ # for i in `seq 10000`;do wget -O - -q myapp;sleep 1;done

16Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

17Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

18Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

19Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

20Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

21Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

22Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

23Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

24Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

25Hello MyApp | Version: v2 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

26Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

27Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

28Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

29Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

30Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

31Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>

32#已经全部回退到上个版本

33

集群外部访问Service



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl edit svc myapp

2# Please edit the object below. Lines beginning with a '#' will be ignored,

3# and an empty file will abort the edit. If an error occurs while saving this file will be

4# reopened with the relevant failures.

5#

6apiVersion: v1

7kind: Service

8metadata:

9  creationTimestamp: "2019-03-28T06:20:00Z"

10  labels:

11    run: myapp

12  name: myapp

13  namespace: default

14  resourceVersion: "36470"

15  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/services/myapp

16  uid: 8425bae4-5121-11e9-80a7-000c295ec349

17spec:

18  clusterIP: 10.104.138.182

19  ports:

20  - port: 80

21    protocol: TCP

22    targetPort: 80

23  selector:

24    run: myapp

25  sessionAffinity: None

26  type: NodePort

27status:

28  loadBalancer: {}                  

29

查看服务



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1[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc

2NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE

3kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP        22h

4myapp        NodePort    10.104.138.182   <none>        80:30298/TCP   38m

5nginx        ClusterIP   10.98.2.12       <none>        80/TCP         4h

6

myapp服务80端口映射到节点的30298，且整个集群的30298节点都可以访问

另一节点访问

Related posts:

  1. 带你玩转kubernetes-k8s（第六篇：k8s-Service概念及其实例）
  2. 带你玩转kubernetes-k8s（第一篇：k8s kubeadm的安装）
  3. Kubernetes之（二十）Helm程序包管理器
  4. Kubernetes入门

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