JAVA中几种常用的RPC框架介绍

浅谈服务治理与微服务 http://blog.csdn.net/suifeng3051/article/details/53992560

1. RPC框架可以从语言兼容和服务治理不同角度来划分：

从语言兼容上的rpc框架有 thrift zeroC-ICE protbuf

从服务治理角度的rpc架构有 dubbo RMI、Hessian spring Cloud

所谓服务治理，主要包括服务发现、负载均衡、容错、日志收集等功能

1.dubbo：

 使用Hessian的序列化协议，传输则是TCP协议，使用了高性能的NIO框架Netty

服务接口

 
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public
interface
DemoService {
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String sayHello(String name);
3 } 

服务实现

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11 public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {

22     public String sayHello(String name) {

33         return "Hello " + name;

44     }

55 }

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Configure service provider

The code snippet below shows how a dubbo service provider is configured with spring framework, which is recommended, however you could also use API configuration if it’s preferred.

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11 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

2 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

3 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

4 4        xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"

5 5        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

6 6     <dubbo:application name="demo-provider"/>

7 7     <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"/>

8 8     <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>

9 9     <dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoService"/>

1010     <bean id="demoService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.provider.DemoServiceImpl"/>

1111 </beans>

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Start service provider

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11 public class Provider {

22     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

33         ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

44                 new String[] {"META-INF/spring/dubbo-demo-provider.xml"});

55         context.start();

66         System.in.read(); // press any key to exit

77     }

88 }

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Configure service consumer

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11 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

22 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

33        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

44        xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"

55        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

66     <dubbo:application name="demo-consumer"/>

77     <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"/>

88     <dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService"/>

99 </beans>

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Run service consumer

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11 public class Consumer {

2 2     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

3 3         ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

4 4                 new String[]{"META-INF/spring/dubbo-demo-consumer.xml"});

5 5         context.start();

6 6         DemoService demoService = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoService"); // obtain proxy object for remote invocation

7 7         String hello = demoService.sayHello("world"); // execute remote invocation

8 8         System.out.println(hello); // show the result

9 9     }

1010 }

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2.RMI

• 实现结构图

对外接口：

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11 public interface IService extends Remote {  

22        

33          public String queryName(String no) throws RemoteException;  

44        

55      }

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接口实现

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11 public class ServiceImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject implements IService {

2 2 

317     @Override

418     public String queryName(String no) throws RemoteException {

519         // 方法的具体实现

620         System.out.println("hello" + no);

721         return String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());

822     }

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11 // RMI客户端

2 2 public class Client {

3 3 

4 4     public static void main(String[] args) {

5 5         // 注册管理器

6 6         Registry registry = null;

7 7         try {

8 8             // 获取服务注册管理器

9 9             registry = LocateRegistry.getRegistry("127.0.0.1",8088);

1010             // 列出所有注册的服务

1111             String[] list = registry.list();

1212             for(String s : list){

1313                 System.out.println(s);

1414             }

1515         } catch (RemoteException e) {

1616             

1717         }

1818         try {

1919             // 根据命名获取服务

2020             IService server = (IService) registry.lookup("vince");

2121             // 调用远程方法

2222             String result = server.queryName("ha ha ha ha");

2323             // 输出调用结果

2424             System.out.println("result from remote : " + result);

2525         }32     }

2633 }

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11 // RMI服务端

2 2 public class Server {

3 3 

4 4     public static void main(String[] args) {

5 5         // 注册管理器

6 6         Registry registry = null;

7 8             // 创建一个服务注册管理器

8 9             registry = LocateRegistry.createRegistry(8088);

915             // 创建一个服务

1016             ServiceImpl server = new ServiceImpl();

1117             // 将服务绑定命名

1218             registry.rebind("vince", server);

13 23         }

1424     }

1525 }

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3.Hessian

基于HTTP的远程方法调用，在性能方面还不够完美，负载均衡和失效转移依赖于应用的负载均衡器，Hessian的使用则与RMI类似，区别在于淡化了Registry的角色，通过显示的地址调用，利用HessianProxyFactory根据配置的地址create一个代理对象，另外还要引入Hessian的Jar包。