释放双眼，带上耳机，听听看~！
这类的工具有 比如 ：LeakDiag leakfinder "Visual Leak Detector"
vld可以从http://vld.codeplex.com/releases/view/82311 现在最新版本，包括src源代码。
安装好以后，他会提示 要求添加 dll 到环境变量中去。
使用 vld 的方法为：在自己的代码中 添加 vld 的头文件，以及 lib 声明，其会自动去环境变量path中搜索 vld_x86.dll 或vld_x64.dll ，然后 调用其中的方法的。
头文件有俩：vld_def.h 和 vld.h，只需要包含后者（其会包含前者的）
贴下他们的源码、
vld_def.h代码
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2 2 //
3 3 // Visual Leak Detector - Import Library Header
4 4 // Copyright (c) 2005-2012 VLD Team
5 5 //
6 6 // This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 7 // modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8 8 // License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9 9 // version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
1010 //
1111 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
1212 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
1313 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
1414 // Lesser General Public License for more details.
1515 //
1616 // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
1717 // License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
1818 // Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
1919 //
2020 // See COPYING.txt for the full terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
2121 //
2222 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2323
2424 #pragma once
2525
2626 #define VLD_OPT_AGGREGATE_DUPLICATES 0x0001 // If set, aggregate duplicate leaks in the leak report.
2727 #define VLD_OPT_MODULE_LIST_INCLUDE 0x0002 // If set, modules in the module list are included, all others are excluded.
2828 #define VLD_OPT_REPORT_TO_DEBUGGER 0x0004 // If set, the memory leak report is sent to the debugger.
2929 #define VLD_OPT_REPORT_TO_FILE 0x0008 // If set, the memory leak report is sent to a file.
3030 #define VLD_OPT_SAFE_STACK_WALK 0x0010 // If set, the stack is walked using the "safe" method (StackWalk64).
3131 #define VLD_OPT_SELF_TEST 0x0020 // If set, perform a self-test to verify memory leak self-checking.
3232 #define VLD_OPT_SLOW_DEBUGGER_DUMP 0x0040 // If set, inserts a slight delay between sending output to the debugger.
3333 #define VLD_OPT_START_DISABLED 0x0080 // If set, memory leak detection will initially disabled.
3434 #define VLD_OPT_TRACE_INTERNAL_FRAMES 0x0100 // If set, include useless frames (e.g. internal to VLD) in call stacks.
3535 #define VLD_OPT_UNICODE_REPORT 0x0200 // If set, the leak report will be encoded UTF-16 instead of ASCII.
3636 #define VLD_OPT_VLDOFF 0x0400 // If set, VLD will be completely deactivated. It will not attach to any modules.
3737 #define VLD_OPT_REPORT_TO_STDOUT 0x0800 // If set, the memory leak report is sent to stdout.
3838 #define VLD_OPT_SKIP_HEAPFREE_LEAKS 0x1000 // If set, VLD skip HeapFree memory leaks.
3939 #define VLD_OPT_VALIDATE_HEAPFREE 0x2000 // If set, VLD verifies and reports heap consistency for HeapFree calls.
4040 #define VLD_OPT_RELEASE_CRT_RUNTIME 0x4000 // If set, VLD treat CRT runtime as release version (use only with define VLD_FORCE_ENABLE).
4141
4242 #define VLD_RPTHOOK_INSTALL 0
4343 #define VLD_RPTHOOK_REMOVE 1
4444
4545 typedef int (__cdecl * VLD_REPORT_HOOK)(int reportType, wchar_t *message, int *returnValue);
46
vld.h
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2//
3// Visual Leak Detector - Import Library Header
4// Copyright (c) 2005-2012 VLD Team
5//
6// This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7// modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8// License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9// version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10//
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14// Lesser General Public License for more details.
15//
16// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17// License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
18// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
19//
20// See COPYING.txt for the full terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
21//
22////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
23
24#pragma once
25
26#include "vld_def.h"
27
28#if defined _DEBUG || defined VLD_FORCE_ENABLE
29
30#include <windows.h>
31
32//#pragma comment(lib, "vld.lib")
33
34// Force a symbolic reference to the global VisualLeakDetector class object from
35// the DLL. This ensures that the DLL is loaded and linked with the program,
36// even if no code otherwise imports any of the DLL's exports.
37#pragma comment(linker, "/include:__imp_?g_vld@@3VVisualLeakDetector@@A")
38
39////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
40//
41// Visual Leak Detector APIs
42//
43
44#ifdef __cplusplus
45extern "C" {
46#endif // __cplusplus
47
48// VLDDisable - Disables Visual Leak Detector's memory leak detection at
49// runtime. If memory leak detection is already disabled, then calling this
50// function has no effect.
51//
52// Note: In multithreaded programs, this function operates on a per-thread
53// basis. In other words, if you call this function from one thread, then
54// memory leak detection is only disabled for that thread. If memory leak
55// detection is enabled for other threads, then it will remain enabled for
56// those other threads. It was designed to work this way to insulate you,
57// the programmer, from having to ensure thread synchronization when calling
58// VLDEnable() and VLDDisable(). Without this, calling these two functions
59// unsynchronized could result in unpredictable and unintended behavior.
60// But this also means that if you want to disable memory leak detection
61// process-wide, then you need to call this function from every thread in
62// the process.
63//
64// Return Value:
65//
66// None.
67//
68__declspec(dllimport) void VLDDisable ();
69
70// VLDEnable - Enables Visual Leak Detector's memory leak detection at runtime.
71// If memory leak detection is already enabled, which it is by default, then
72// calling this function has no effect.
73//
74// Note: In multithreaded programs, this function operates on a per-thread
75// basis. In other words, if you call this function from one thread, then
76// memory leak detection is only enabled for that thread. If memory leak
77// detection is disabled for other threads, then it will remain disabled for
78// those other threads. It was designed to work this way to insulate you,
79// the programmer, from having to ensure thread synchronization when calling
80// VLDEnable() and VLDDisable(). Without this, calling these two functions
81// unsynchronized could result in unpredictable and unintended behavior.
82// But this also means that if you want to enable memory leak detection
83// process-wide, then you need to call this function from every thread in
84// the process.
85//
86// Return Value:
87//
88// None.
89//
90__declspec(dllimport) void VLDEnable ();
91
92// VLDRestore - Restore Visual Leak Detector's previous state.
93//
94// Return Value:
95//
96// None.
97//
98__declspec(dllimport) void VLDRestore ();
99
100// VLDGlobalDisable - Disables Visual Leak Detector's memory leak detection at
101// runtime in all threads. If memory leak detection is already disabled,
102// then calling this function has no effect.
103//
104// Return Value:
105//
106// None.
107//
108__declspec(dllimport) void VLDGlobalDisable ();
109
110// VLDGlobalEnable - Enables Visual Leak Detector's memory leak detection
111// at runtime in all threads. If memory leak detection is already enabled,
112// which it is by default, then calling this function has no effect.
113//
114// Return Value:
115//
116// None.
117//
118__declspec(dllimport) void VLDGlobalEnable ();
119
120// VLDReportLeaks - Report leaks up to the execution point.
121//
122// Return Value:
123//
124// None.
125//
126__declspec(dllimport) UINT VLDReportLeaks ();
127
128// VLDGetLeaksCount - Return memory leaks count to the execution point.
129//
130// Return Value:
131//
132// None.
133//
134__declspec(dllimport) UINT VLDGetLeaksCount ();
135
136// VLDMarkAllLeaksAsReported - Mark all leaks as reported.
137//
138// Return Value:
139//
140// None.
141//
142__declspec(dllimport) void VLDMarkAllLeaksAsReported ();
143
144
145// VLDRefreshModules - Look for recently loaded DLLs and patch them if necessary.
146//
147// Return Value:
148//
149// None.
150//
151__declspec(dllimport) void VLDRefreshModules();
152
153
154// VLDEnableModule - Enable Memory leak checking on the specified module.
155//
156// module: module handle.
157//
158// Return Value:
159//
160// None.
161//
162
163__declspec(dllimport) void VLDEnableModule(HMODULE module);
164
165
166// VLDDisableModule - Disable Memory leak checking on the specified module.
167//
168// module: module handle.
169//
170// Return Value:
171//
172// None.
173//
174__declspec(dllimport) void VLDDisableModule(HMODULE module);
175
176// VLDGetOptions - Return all current options.
177//
178// Return Value:
179//
180// Mask of current options.
181//
182__declspec(dllimport) UINT VLDGetOptions();
183
184// VLDGetReportFilename - Return current report filename.
185//
186// filename: current report filename (max characters - MAX_PATH).
187//
188// Return Value:
189//
190// None.
191//
192__declspec(dllimport) void VLDGetReportFilename(WCHAR *filename);
193
194// VLDSetOptions - Update the report options via function call rather than INI file.
195//
196// option_mask: Only the following flags are checked
197// VLD_OPT_AGGREGATE_DUPLICATES
198// VLD_OPT_MODULE_LIST_INCLUDE
199// VLD_OPT_SAFE_STACK_WALK
200// VLD_OPT_SLOW_DEBUGGER_DUMP
201// VLD_OPT_TRACE_INTERNAL_FRAMES
202// VLD_OPT_START_DISABLED
203// VLD_OPT_SKIP_HEAPFREE_LEAKS
204// VLD_OPT_VALIDATE_HEAPFREE
205//
206// maxDataDump: maximum number of user-data bytes to dump for each leaked block.
207//
208// maxTraceFrames: maximum number of frames per stack trace for each leaked block.
209//
210// Return Value:
211//
212// None.
213//
214__declspec(dllimport) void VLDSetOptions(UINT option_mask, SIZE_T maxDataDump, UINT maxTraceFrames);
215
216// VLDSetModulesList - Set list of modules included/excluded in leak detection
217// depending on parameter "includeModules".
218//
219// modules: list of modules to be forcefully included/excluded in leak detection.
220//
221// includeModules: include or exclude that modules.
222//
223// Return Value:
224//
225// None.
226//
227__declspec(dllimport) void VLDSetModulesList(CONST WCHAR *modules, BOOL includeModules);
228
229// VLDGetModulesList - Return current list of included/excluded modules
230// depending on flag VLD_OPT_TRACE_INTERNAL_FRAMES.
231//
232// modules: destination string for list of included/excluded modules (maximum length 512 characters).
233//
234// size: maximum string size.
235//
236// Return Value:
237//
238// BOOL: TRUE if include modules, otherwise FALSE.
239//
240__declspec(dllimport) BOOL VLDGetModulesList(WCHAR *modules, UINT size);
241
242// VLDSetReportOptions - Update the report options via function call rather than INI file.
243//
244// Only the following flags are checked
245// VLD_OPT_REPORT_TO_DEBUGGER
246// VLD_OPT_REPORT_TO_FILE
247// VLD_OPT_REPORT_TO_STDOUT
248// VLD_OPT_UNICODE_REPORT
249//
250// filename is optional and can be NULL.
251//
252// Return Value:
253//
254// None.
255//
256__declspec(dllimport) void VLDSetReportOptions(UINT option_mask, CONST WCHAR *filename);
257
258// VLDSetReportHook - Installs or uninstalls a client-defined reporting function by hooking it
259// into the C run-time debug reporting process (debug version only).
260//
261// mode: The action to take: VLD_RPTHOOK_INSTALL or VLD_RPTHOOK_REMOVE.
262//
263// pfnNewHook: Report hook to install or remove.
264//
265// Return Value:
266//
267// int: 0 if success.
268//
269__declspec(dllimport) int VLDSetReportHook(int mode, VLD_REPORT_HOOK pfnNewHook);
270
271// VLDResolveCallstacks - Performs symbol resolution for all saved extent CallStack's that have
272// been tracked by Visual Leak Detector. This function is necessary for applications that
273// dynamically load and unload modules, and through which memory leaks might be included.
274// If this is NOT called, stack traces may have stack frames with no symbol information. This
275// happens because the symbol API's cannot look up symbols for a binary / module that has been unloaded
276// from the process.
277//
278// Return Value:
279//
280// None.
281//
282__declspec(dllexport) void VLDResolveCallstacks();
283
284#ifdef __cplusplus
285}
286#endif // __cplusplus
287
288#else // !_DEBUG
289
290#define VLDEnable()
291#define VLDDisable()
292#define VLDRestore()
293#define VLDReportLeaks() 0
294#define VLDGetLeaksCount() 0
295#define VLDMarkAllLeaksAsReported()
296#define VLDRefreshModules()
297#define VLDEnableModule(a)
298#define VLDDisableModule(b)
299#define VLDGetOptions() 0
300#define VLDGetReportFilename(a)
301#define VLDSetOptions(a, b, c)
302#define VLDSetReportHook(a, b)
303#define VLDSetModulesList(a)
304#define VLDGetModulesList(a, b) FALSE
305#define VLDSetReportOptions(a, b)
306
307#endif // _DEBUG
308
这 vld 并没有提供sample，提供的src源代码 也只是 编译成 dll的。
于是 我自己写了一个工程vldTest（用 vs2010 建立 console的 普通 的win32 程序）
下面就是测试的代码，lib和h文件 的路径 你自己看着办就行。vld.h里面也有 这个 包括 pragma lib的，注释掉 或者 将 lib添加到 path 还是 Library_Path什么环境变量中去。
下面的代码 功能是 写一个 内存泄漏 的程序，说白了，就是分配内存，但是没有释放掉。虽然程序结束会释放掉，但是如果不结束 一直 不释放的，就是内存泄漏了。下面程序 有2个内存泄漏，但是 vld 检测是3个。对了 编写成 DEBUG模式，才会启用 vld的功能。原因 看 vld.h的条件编译。
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2//
3
4#include "stdafx.h"
5#include <stdio.h>
6#include <string.h>
7#include <stdlib.h>
8#include "..\include\vld.h"
9
10#pragma comment(lib,"../lib/Win32/vld.lib")
11
12
13
14class MyTest
15{
16public:
17 MyTest(const char *szName)
18 {
19 // The following is the second resulting leak
20 m_pszName = strdup(szName);
21 }
22 ~MyTest()
23 {
24 if (m_pszName != NULL)
25 free(m_pszName);
26 m_pszName = NULL;
27 }
28protected:
29 char *m_pszName;
30};
31
32
33
34int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
35{
36 int * ptrInt;
37 ptrInt=(int*)malloc(10);
38 memset(ptrInt,0xed,10);
39 printf("0x%08x\n",*ptrInt);
40 //VLDEnable();
41 //VLDRestore();
42 //VLDGlobalEnable();
43
44
45 // This is the "main" leak
46 MyTest *pTest = new MyTest("This is an example");
47 //VLDReportLeaks();
48 //VLDGetLeaksCount ();
49
50
51 return 0;
52}
53
运行效果如图：（为了显示全部，去掉了MyTest 那句话）。
如果 加上 free(ptrInt); 就没有泄漏了。如图
除了 0xedededed 这句话 其他都是 vld 的输出。如果发布成 release，默认 不会 调用 vld了。
程序参考了
http://topic.csdn.net/t/20021216/13/1265024.html
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/3134/Memory-Leak-and-Exception-Trace-CRT-and-COM-Leaks
